Question 1
During glycolysis, glucose is converted into:
A. Acetyl CoA
B. Pyruvate
C. Lactic Acid
D. Ethanol
Question 2
Which molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain?
A. Oxygen
B. NAD+
C. FAD
D. ATP
Question 3
What is the primary function of the Krebs cycle?
A. ATP production
B. NADH and FADH2 production
C. Pyruvate breakdown
D. Glucose synthesis
Question 4
In which part of the cell does glycolysis occur?
A. Mitochondria
B. Cytoplasm
C. Nucleus
D. Ribosome
Question 5
What is the net ATP yield from one molecule of glucose during glycolysis?
A. 2 ATP
B. 4 ATP
C. 36 ATP
D. 38 ATP
Question 6
a) Outline the process of glycolysis and explain its significance in energy production in the absence of oxygen. [4]
b) Differentiate between lactic acid fermentation in muscle cells and alcohol fermentation in yeast. [3]
Question 7
a) Describe the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA and its importance in the Krebs cycle. [3]
b) Explain the role of NADH and FADH2 in the electron transport chain. [4]
Question 8
a) Discuss the stages of the Krebs cycle and its significance in energy provision. [4]
b) How does chemiosmosis contribute to ATP yield during oxidative phosphorylation? [3]
Question 9
a) Explain the role of RNA polymerase in transcription and how it interacts with promoters. [3]
b) Discuss the significance of the addition of a poly-A tail and a 5' cap to mRNA. [3]
c) How does splicing of introns contribute to the diversity of proteins? [3]
Question 10
a) Describe the role of ribosomes in translation. [3]
b) Explain the concept of codon-anticodon pairing and its significance in protein synthesis. [4]
c) Discuss the stages of initiation, elongation, and termination in translation. [4]