Choosing Your AP Courses - A Complete Guide
Contents
Advanced Placement (AP) courses offer high school students the opportunity to take college-level courses while still in school. Choosing your AP courses – a complete guide will help you navigate the best options based on your strengths, interests, and future academic goals. Taking AP classes can improve college applications, impress admissions officers, and even help you earn college credit. Popular options include AP Calculus AB, AP Biology, AP Chemistry, AP English Language, and AP World History, among others.
The College Board administers AP exams, and high AP exam scores may allow students to skip introductory college courses. However, balancing many AP classes with extracurriculars and other responsibilities is crucial. Whether you're considering AP Computer Science Principles, AP Spanish Language, or AP Physics, this guide will help you choose AP courses wisely to maximise success in college admissions and beyond.
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What Are AP Courses?
Advanced Placement (AP) courses are college-level classes offered to high school students. Developed by the College Board, these courses allow students to explore rigorous academic subjects such as AP Biology, AP Chemistry, AP English Literature, AP World History, and AP Calculus AB. By taking AP classes, students challenge themselves with advanced content, enhancing their academic skills and potentially earning college credit based on their AP exam scores.
How Do AP Courses Differ from Regular and Honours Classes?
While regular high school courses cover standard academic content, AP courses delve deeper, mirroring the depth and complexity of introductory college courses. Unlike honours classes, which are slightly more challenging than standard courses, AP classes demand critical thinking, analytical writing, and in-depth study. For example, AP English Language requires analysing complex texts, while AP Calculus BC demands advanced mathematical problem-solving. Successfully taking AP courses demonstrates to admissions officers a student's readiness for university-level academics.
Overview of the AP Exam Structure
Each AP course culminates in an AP exam, typically administered in May by the College Board. These exams test students' understanding of the course material through multiple-choice and free-response questions. AP exam scores range from 1 to 5, with scores of 3 or higher often qualifying students to earn college credit or advanced placement in university courses, depending on AP credit policies. For instance, a high score in AP Computer Science Principles could allow a student to bypass a beginner computer science course in university. Successfully navigating these exams can save time and money in higher education while strengthening college applications.
Benefits of Taking AP Courses
AP courses are more than just tough classes; they're a step into the world of college academics while you're still in high school. Here are some key benefits they offer:
- College Readiness: AP courses prepare students for college-level academics, enhancing critical thinking, writing, and research skills.
- College Admissions: Excelling in AP courses can strengthen college applications, demonstrating a student's ability to handle challenging coursework.
- Earn College Credits: Many colleges offer credit for high AP exam scores, potentially reducing college tuition costs and time to graduation.
- Explore Interests: AP courses allow students to explore subjects in depth, aiding in determining future academic and career paths.
- Academic Challenge: They provide a more challenging and engaging academic experience compared to standard high school courses.
- Flexibility in College: Earning college credits in high school can provide more flexibility in college course selections, including the opportunity to pursue double majors or study abroad.
Image showing AP participation over the years
AP courses are a valuable investment in a student's academic growth, offering benefits that reach far into their future educational and career paths.
Understanding the AP Curriculum
The AP curriculum is designed to mirror introductory college courses, offering high school students a rigorous academic experience. Here's a closer look at what it entails:
- Wide Range of Subjects: AP offers courses across various fields, from sciences and mathematics to humanities and arts.
- College-Level Content: The curriculum covers in-depth, college-level material, challenging students beyond regular high school coursework.
- Skill Development: Focuses on developing critical thinking, analytical writing, and problem-solving skills.
- Standardized Exams: Each course is tested in a standardized exam, which assesses students' grasp of the subject on a scale of 1 to 5, 5 being the highest level of achievement.
Understanding the AP curriculum and AP Grading System is key to making informed decisions about course selection. It's not just about the subjects; it's about preparing for college-level academic rigor and developing a comprehensive skill set that will be valuable in further education and beyond.
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How to Choose the Right AP Courses for You?
Selecting the right AP courses is a critical step for high school students aiming to excel academically and strengthen their college applications. Making informed choices requires understanding your interests, future goals, and balancing commitments effectively. Here's how to strategically choose AP classes to maximise success.
1. Assess Your Strengths and Interests
When choosing AP courses, start by evaluating the subjects you enjoy and excel in. Passion for a subject can make challenging coursework more manageable and rewarding.
- STEM-Focused Students: If you excel in science and mathematics, consider enrolling in AP Calculus AB, AP Chemistry, AP Physics, or AP Computer Science Principles. These courses can strengthen your skills for future studies in engineering, medicine, or computer science.
- Humanities-Focused Students: For students interested in literature, history, or languages, AP English Language, AP English Literature, AP World History, and AP Spanish Language are excellent choices. These classes build analytical thinking and communication skills essential for arts, social sciences, or law.
By aligning AP classes with your interests, you'll be more motivated and likely to succeed in both the AP exams and future studies.
2. Align AP Classes with Your College and Career Goals
Your intended college major and career aspirations should guide your selection of specific AP courses.
- Engineering or Science Majors: Opt for rigorous courses like AP Calculus BC, AP Biology, AP Chemistry, and AP Physics.
- Business Majors: Consider AP Macroeconomics, AP Microeconomics, AP Statistics, and AP Computer Science.
- Arts or Humanities Majors: Focus on AP English Literature, AP European History, AP Psychology, and AP Spanish Literature.
- Medical School Aspirants: Take AP Biology, AP Chemistry, and AP Environmental Science for a solid scientific foundation.
Additionally, research the AP credit policies of prospective universities. Some institutions grant college credit for high AP exam scores, which can save time and reduce tuition costs. Understanding these policies will help you prioritise certain AP courses that align with your academic goals.
3. Consider Your Workload and Balance
While it's tempting to take multiple AP classes to impress admissions officers, overloading can lead to burnout. Carefully assess your overall responsibilities, including extracurriculars, part-time jobs, and personal commitments.
- Start with a Manageable Number: Begin with 1-2 AP courses to gauge your capacity before adding more.
- Balance with Other Activities: Ensure that your AP schedule allows time for clubs, sports, and personal interests.
Remember, colleges value quality over quantity. Excelling in fewer AP classes can be more impressive than struggling with many AP courses.
4. Consult Teachers and Academic Advisors
Engage with your AP teachers and school counsellors for personalised guidance. They can provide insights into the difficulty of specific AP classes, recommend strategies for success, and advise on balancing your academic load.
Additionally, speak to older students who have taken the AP courses you're considering. Their first-hand experiences can offer practical advice about managing workloads and preparing for AP exams.
5. Plan Your AP Courses by Grade Level
Strategically planning your AP courses throughout high school can ensure consistent academic growth and reduce stress.
- 10th Grade: Begin with 1-2 introductory APs like AP Human Geography or AP Psychology to ease into advanced placement AP learning.
- 11th Grade: Take 3-5 AP classes focusing on core subjects relevant to your intended major, such as AP English Language, AP Biology, or AP United States Government.
- 12th Grade (Senior Year): Choose advanced or specialised courses that align with your college goals, such as AP Calculus BC, AP Chemistry, or AP Spanish Literature.
Planning in this manner helps avoid last-minute overload and ensures you’re adequately prepared for AP exams while also strengthening your college applications.
Popular AP Courses Chosen and Subject Details
The selection of AP courses varies widely, catering to different academic interests and career goals. Here's an overview of some popular AP courses:
- Science and Math: Courses like AP Biology, AP Chemistry, and AP Physics are highly sought after, especially for students interested in STEM fields.
- Humanities and Social Sciences: AP Psychology, AP United States History, and AP World History are popular among students interested in social sciences.
- Languages and Arts: AP English Language and Composition, and AP English Literature and Composition are favored by students with a passion for literature and languages.
Pie chart showing popular AP courses taken
These courses are not just popular; they provide a robust foundation in their respective fields, preparing students for college-level coursework. The selection often reflects students' future academic and career aspirations. Making the right choice from the AP courses available is a crucial decision in their high school journey.
Preparing for AP Exams
Starting AP exam preparation early is key to success. Ideally, begin at the start of the academic year when you start the AP course. This allows ample time to understand the material, practice, and identify areas needing more focus. However, for a more intensive review, many students start dedicated exam preparation 3-4 months before the exam date. Effective preparation is key to excelling in AP exams. Here are some strategies:
- Understand the Format: Familiarize yourself with the exam's structure and types of questions.
- Consistent Study Schedule: Dedicate regular time for studying, covering all topics systematically.
- Practice Exams: Utilize past AP exams to get accustomed to the question format and timing.
- AP Tutoring: Consider seeking help from tutors, especially in subjects where you need extra support.
- Join Study Groups: Collaborating with peers can provide different perspectives and motivation.
- Review Course Material: Regularly review notes and course materials to reinforce learning.
- Manage Stress: Develop stress-management techniques to stay focused and calm.
By combining these strategies, students can approach their AP exams with confidence. Remember, thorough preparation and understanding the exam format are crucial to achieving high scores.
Costs and Financial Aid for AP Courses
Navigating the costs and potential financial aid options for AP exams is crucial for planning. These costs can vary, and it’s essential to explore fee reduction and state funding opportunities to make AP courses more accessible. College Board's AP Central page includes the following details for AP:
- Exam Fees: For the 2023-24 school year, the cost per AP Exam is $98 in the U.S., U.S. territories, Canada, and DoDEA schools. Internationally, it's $128 per exam. AP Capstone exams cost $146 each.
- Financial Aid: Students with financial need can apply for a College Board fee reduction of $36 per exam.
- Additional Costs: Late exam orders incur an extra $40 per exam. There's also a $40 fee for unused or canceled exams.
- State Funding: Some states provide additional funding to further reduce costs for eligible students.
Comparison of the approximate costs of an AP test vs. costs of other common tests
Online vs. In-Person AP Courses
In the debate between in-person and online AP tutoring, online options are emerging as a highly effective and convenient choice for many students. Here's why:
- Accessibility and Convenience: Online courses offer greater flexibility, allowing students to learn at their own pace and on their own schedule.
- Personalized Attention: Many online courses provide personalized tutoring and support, which can be beneficial for students needing extra help.
- Resource Availability: Online courses often have a wide range of digital resources, including lectures, interactive tools, and practice exams.
- Technology Integration: These courses effectively use technology to enhance learning, making complex topics more accessible and engaging.
Making the right choice between online and in-person AP courses is crucial for success. Consider your learning preferences, lifestyle, and the resources available to you when making this decision. Both formats aim to provide a rigorous, college-level academic experience.
How Many AP Courses Should You Take?
The number of AP courses a student should take depends on their academic goals, workload capacity, and the selectiveness of the colleges they are targeting. While taking AP courses like AP English Literature and Composition can enhance a college application, it’s essential to balance ambition with academic performance.
Recommendations Based on College Competitiveness
- Top-Tier Universities (Ivy League and Elite Institutions):
For highly competitive universities, it’s recommended to take 6-12 AP courses throughout high school. Courses like AP English Literature, AP Calculus, and AP History demonstrate academic rigour and a well-rounded profile. High scores on AP exams can also contribute to earning college credit. - Competitive State Universities:
Students aiming for competitive state schools should consider taking 4-6 AP courses. Prioritising courses that align with intended majors, such as AP English Literature for humanities students, helps build a strong academic foundation and boosts college application strength. - Less Selective Colleges:
For less selective colleges, 2-4 AP courses are typically sufficient. Taking AP English Literature or other core subjects can still provide an edge in admissions and demonstrate commitment to academic growth.
Quality Over Quantity
While the number of AP courses matters, quality over quantity is crucial. It’s better to excel in fewer AP courses than to struggle in many. Universities prefer seeing high AP exam scores and consistent academic performance over an overloaded schedule with lower grades. Focusing on courses like AP English Literature and Composition, where students can develop analytical skills and writing skills, ensures a more impactful and manageable workload.
Ultimately, students should select AP courses that align with their strengths, interests, and long-term academic goals while maintaining balance to achieve the highest possible scores.
Conclusion
Choosing the right AP courses is a crucial step for high school students aiming to excel academically, strengthen their college applications, and potentially earn college credit. Whether you're drawn to AP Calculus AB, AP Biology, AP World History, or AP English Language, selecting courses that align with your interests and future college major can make a significant difference. Balancing your AP schedule with extracurricular activities and other responsibilities is equally important to avoid burnout. Additionally, understanding AP credit policies of prospective universities ensures that your hard work in AP exams pays off. Remember, success in Advanced Placement not only demonstrates your readiness for college-level courses but also helps develop essential skills like critical thinking and problem-solving. By carefully planning and choosing the right AP courses, you set a strong academic foundation for future achievements, both in higher education and beyond.
FAQ
How many AP classes do most students take?
The number of AP classes taken by students varies widely. On average, students might take 3 to 5 AP classes throughout high school. However, this number can be higher or lower depending on the student's academic goals, college aspirations, and capacity to manage the workload. Some students may take more to strengthen their college applications, especially if aiming for top-tier universities, while others may take fewer to maintain a balance with extracurricular activities and other commitments. The key is to choose a number that aligns with individual academic capabilities and life balance.
Are there any prerequisites for taking AP courses?
Prerequisites for AP courses vary depending on the subject and the school's policy. Some AP courses, especially in math and science, may require completion of foundational courses. For example, AP Calculus typically requires prior study of algebra and pre-calculus, while AP Biology might require a general biology course. However, many schools also offer AP courses in humanities, like AP English or AP World History, without specific prerequisites. It's essential to check with your school's guidance counselor for specific requirements. The key is to ensure that you have the necessary background knowledge and skills to succeed in these more advanced classes.
What is the least popular AP class?
The least popular AP class tends to vary each year and can be influenced by factors such as school offerings and student interests. Typically, less common languages and certain specialized courses have lower enrollment numbers. For example, AP courses like AP Latin or AP Art History might have fewer students compared to more widely taken courses like AP English or AP Calculus. It's important to note that popularity doesn't necessarily reflect the value or quality of the course. Less popular AP classes can offer unique and enriching educational experiences that might align closely with certain students' interests and goals.
How many AP classes should I take for Harvard?
Harvard, like other Ivy League schools, doesn't have a set number of AP classes that applicants must take. However, they do look for students who have challenged themselves with the most rigorous coursework available to them. This often includes multiple AP classes, especially in areas aligned with the student's interests and strengths. The key is to balance taking challenging AP courses with maintaining a high GPA and engaging in meaningful extracurricular activities. It's not just the quantity of AP classes but the overall academic performance and extracurricular involvement that are important for admission to highly competitive universities like Harvard.
What is the most passed AP class?
The most passed AP class tends to vary annually based on factors like the number of students taking the exam and the subject's perceived difficulty. Typically, AP courses with higher enrollment numbers, such as AP English Language and Composition or AP United States History, tend to have a higher number of students passing. However, "passing" is relative to the scoring criteria of each AP exam, where a score of 3 or above is generally considered passing. It's essential to remember that the rate of passing an AP exam can be influenced by various factors, including the exam's difficulty level and the students' preparedness.
Is AP easier than A level?
Comparing AP (Advanced Placement) and A Levels in terms of difficulty isn't straightforward, as they are different systems with unique approaches. AP courses tend to focus on single subjects in depth, similar to college courses in the U.S., while A Levels provide a more specialized and comprehensive study over two years. The perception of difficulty can vary depending on a student's learning style, the specific subjects taken, and their academic strengths. Both are rigorous programs, but their approaches and assessment methods differ significantly.
What is AP equivalent to in the UK?
In the UK, AP (Advanced Placement) courses are most similar to AS (Advanced Subsidiary) and A-Level courses. While AP courses are designed to mirror introductory college courses in the US, A-Levels are qualifications that prepare students for university education in the UK. Both provide in-depth study in specific subjects and are recognized for university admission. However, A-Levels are typically studied over two years and are more specialized, whereas AP courses are usually one-year courses with a broader range of subjects.
Is IB harder than APs?
IB vs AP: The difficulty of IB (International Baccalaureate) compared to AP (Advanced Placement) varies based on different academic and personal factors. IB is often considered broader, requiring students to take courses in six subjects, complete extended essays, and participate in creativity, activity, service (CAS) projects. AP allows more flexibility, letting students choose specific subjects they want to study. The perception of difficulty can depend on the students' learning preferences, the subjects chosen, and their academic strengths. Both programs are rigorous and respected, but they have different focuses and structures.
What is the youngest age to take the AP exam?
There's no set age requirement for taking AP exams. They are typically taken by high school students, with most students being in the 10th to 12th grades. However, younger students who are ready to handle college-level coursework can also take AP exams. The decision largely depends on the student's academic readiness and ability to understand the course material. Parents and educators play a crucial role in determining whether a younger student is prepared for the rigors of AP coursework and exams.
Can I take AP without school?
Yes, you can take AP exams without being enrolled in a school that offers AP courses. Independent study, online courses, or tutoring can prepare you for the exams. You'll need to arrange to take the exams at a participating school or authorized test center. The AP Course Ledger is the official, up-to-date, comprehensive list of schools that have passed the AP Course Audit and may allow for you to give your AP exam. It's important to register for the exams well in advance and coordinate with the AP Coordinator of the test center. This option is beneficial for homeschoolers or students whose schools don't offer certain AP courses.
Can you apply for AP in Grade 11?
Yes, you can apply for AP exams in Grade 11. Students typically need to join their class section online to register for the exam. The school's AP coordinator orders the exam materials and collects fees. Deadlines for exam registration are usually in the fall, but they may vary by school. It's important to check with your teacher or AP coordinator for specific deadlines at your school. Remember, timely registration is key to avoiding late fees and ensuring your place in the desired AP exams.
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Written by: Dr Rahil Sachak-Patwa
LinkedInRahil spent ten years working as private tutor, teaching students for GCSEs, A-Levels, and university admissions. During his PhD he published papers on modelling infectious disease epidemics and was a tutor to undergraduate and masters students for mathematics courses.
