How do wave properties change with different types of waves?

Wave properties change with different types of waves in terms of their speed, wavelength, frequency, and amplitude.

Mechanical waves, such as sound waves and seismic waves, require a medium (like air, water, or a solid material) to travel through. The speed of these waves is determined by the properties of the medium, such as its density and elasticity. For example, sound waves travel faster in solids than in liquids, and faster in liquids than in gases, because particles are closer together in solids and liquids than in gases. The wavelength and frequency of mechanical waves are related to their speed and the energy that's put into them. The amplitude of a mechanical wave is related to the energy of the wave, with higher energy resulting in a larger amplitude.

Electromagnetic waves, such as light waves and radio waves, can travel through a vacuum and their speed in a vacuum is always the same, about 300,000 kilometres per second. However, when they pass through a medium, their speed decreases. The wavelength and frequency of electromagnetic waves are inversely related: as one increases, the other decreases. The amplitude of an electromagnetic wave is related to its intensity or brightness.

Surface waves, such as water waves and Rayleigh waves (a type of seismic wave), travel along the surface of a medium. The speed of surface waves is determined by the properties of the medium and the depth of the water (for water waves). The wavelength and frequency of surface waves are related to their speed and the energy that's put into them. The amplitude of a surface wave is related to the energy of the wave, with higher energy resulting in a larger amplitude.

In summary, the properties of waves - speed, wavelength, frequency, and amplitude - can vary greatly depending on the type of wave and the medium it's travelling through.