Why are strong acids and bases dangerous?

Strong acids and bases are dangerous because they can cause severe burns, damage tissues, and are harmful if ingested or inhaled.

Strong acids and bases are substances that have a high degree of ionisation in water, meaning they readily donate or accept protons (H+ ions for acids, OH- ions for bases). This makes them highly reactive and potentially harmful. When they come into contact with human tissue, they can cause severe burns and damage. This is because they can break down the proteins and fats in our cells, leading to cell death.

For instance, strong acids like sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid can cause chemical burns, permanent blindness if it contacts the eyes, and can be fatal if swallowed or inhaled. Similarly, strong bases like sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide are caustic and can cause similar injuries. They can react with the oils in our skin, causing severe burns and injuries.

Moreover, the reaction of strong acids and bases with other substances can also be dangerous. They can react violently with water, producing heat and potentially causing an explosion. They can also react with certain metals, releasing hydrogen gas, which is flammable and potentially explosive.

In addition, the ingestion or inhalation of strong acids or bases can cause serious internal injuries. If ingested, they can cause severe damage to the mouth, throat, and stomach, leading to serious health complications. If inhaled, they can cause damage to the respiratory tract, leading to difficulty breathing or even death.

Therefore, it's crucial to handle these substances with care, using appropriate protective equipment and following safety guidelines. Always remember that while strong acids and bases are useful in many chemical reactions and industrial processes, they must be treated with the respect and caution they deserve due to their potential dangers.