What happens to particle movement when a gas becomes a liquid?

When a gas becomes a liquid, the movement of particles slows down and they become more closely packed together.

In a gaseous state, particles move freely and rapidly in all directions. They have a lot of kinetic energy, which allows them to overcome the forces of attraction between them. This is why gases can fill any container, regardless of its shape or size. The particles are far apart from each other and move in a random, chaotic manner.

However, when a gas is cooled or compressed, it can become a liquid. This process is known as condensation. As the temperature decreases or pressure increases, the kinetic energy of the particles also decreases. This means they start to move more slowly. As a result, the forces of attraction between particles become more significant.

In a liquid state, particles are still able to move, but they do so more slowly and in a less random manner than in a gas. They slide over each other, which is why liquids can flow and take the shape of their container. However, they are much more closely packed together than in a gas. This is because the decreased kinetic energy means they can't overcome the forces of attraction as easily, so they stay closer together.

In summary, the transition from a gas to a liquid involves a decrease in particle movement and an increase in the forces of attraction between particles. This results in the particles becoming more closely packed together, changing the properties of the substance from a gas to a liquid.