What are the main uses of petroleum fractions?

Petroleum fractions are primarily used as fuels, lubricants, and raw materials in the chemical industry.

Petroleum fractions are the different components obtained from the fractional distillation of crude oil. Each fraction has a specific boiling point range and contains hydrocarbons of similar sizes. The main use of these fractions is as fuels. For instance, the gasoline fraction is used as fuel in cars, while the kerosene fraction is used in jet engines and for heating. Diesel oil is used in diesel engines, and fuel oil is used in ships and power stations.

Another significant use of petroleum fractions is as lubricants. The lubricating oil fraction, which has a higher boiling point, is used to reduce friction in various mechanical devices. It is used in car engines, machinery, and other equipment to ensure smooth operation and reduce wear and tear.

Petroleum fractions also serve as raw materials in the chemical industry. They are used to produce a wide range of products, from plastics and synthetic fibres to detergents and pharmaceuticals. The naphtha fraction, for example, is a key ingredient in the production of chemicals and plastics.

In addition, some fractions like bitumen are used in construction. Bitumen, which is the residue left after the distillation process, is used in road surfacing and roofing due to its adhesive and waterproofing properties.

In summary, petroleum fractions have a wide range of applications. They are integral to many aspects of modern life, from powering our vehicles and heating our homes to producing the materials and products we use every day.