How are metals used in electrical wiring due to their conductivity?

Metals are used in electrical wiring due to their high electrical conductivity, allowing efficient transmission of electricity.

Metals, particularly copper and aluminium, are commonly used in electrical wiring because of their excellent electrical conductivity. This property is a measure of a material's ability to conduct electric current. In metals, the outermost electrons of their atoms are loosely bound, which allows them to move freely and carry electric charge. This movement of electrons is what we refer to as electric current.

Copper is the most widely used material for electrical wiring. It has a very high electrical conductivity, only surpassed by silver. However, silver is not practical for wiring due to its cost. Copper wires are also easy to install and connect because of their flexibility and resistance to corrosion.

Aluminium is another metal used in electrical wiring, especially for high-voltage transmission lines. It is lighter and cheaper than copper, but it has a lower conductivity and is more prone to oxidation. Therefore, it is often used in combination with other materials to improve its properties.

In summary, the high electrical conductivity of metals makes them ideal for use in electrical wiring. Their loosely bound electrons allow for the efficient transmission of electricity, making our everyday electrical appliances and systems possible.