How is genetic screening related to monohybrid inheritance?

Genetic screening is related to monohybrid inheritance as it can identify the presence of a single gene disorder.

Monohybrid inheritance refers to the inheritance of a single trait that is controlled by one pair of contrasting genes or alleles. In this type of inheritance, each parent contributes one allele to the offspring. The combination of these alleles determines the phenotype, or physical appearance, of the offspring for that particular trait.

Genetic screening is a type of medical test that identifies changes in chromosomes, genes, or proteins. It can confirm or rule out a suspected genetic condition or help determine a person's chance of developing or passing on a genetic disorder. In the context of monohybrid inheritance, genetic screening can be used to identify whether an individual carries a specific allele for a single gene disorder.

For example, cystic fibrosis is a single gene disorder that follows a monohybrid inheritance pattern. It is caused by a mutation in the CFTR gene. If both parents are carriers of the mutated CFTR gene, they have a 25% chance of having a child with cystic fibrosis. Genetic screening can identify whether an individual or their partner is a carrier of the mutated CFTR gene, providing valuable information for family planning.

In summary, genetic screening and monohybrid inheritance are related as genetic screening can identify the presence of specific alleles that follow a monohybrid inheritance pattern. This can be particularly useful in identifying carriers of single gene disorders and providing information for individuals and couples considering starting a family.