How does asexual reproduction differ from sexual reproduction?

Asexual reproduction involves one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical, unlike sexual reproduction which involves two parents.

Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction where only one parent is involved and the offspring produced are genetically identical to the parent. This is because the offspring are produced by mitosis, a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus. This type of reproduction is common in single-celled organisms such as bacteria and yeast, as well as in some plants and animals.

On the other hand, sexual reproduction involves two parents and the offspring produced are genetically different from the parents. This is due to the process of meiosis, a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half and results in four haploid cells. These cells then combine during fertilisation to form a new individual with a unique combination of genes. This type of reproduction is common in most animals and many plants.

The main difference between these two types of reproduction is the genetic diversity of the offspring. Asexual reproduction produces clones, or identical copies, of the parent. This can be advantageous in stable environments where the parent is well adapted. However, it can be disadvantageous in changing environments as there is no variation for natural selection to act upon.

In contrast, sexual reproduction produces offspring with a unique combination of genes. This genetic diversity can be advantageous in changing environments as it provides a wider range of traits for natural selection to act upon. However, it can be disadvantageous in stable environments as it can break up beneficial combinations of genes.

In summary, asexual reproduction involves one parent and produces genetically identical offspring, while sexual reproduction involves two parents and produces genetically diverse offspring. The type of reproduction that is advantageous depends on the environmental conditions.