What defines quantitative research within psychology?

Quantitative research in psychology is defined by the systematic empirical investigation of observable phenomena via statistical, mathematical, or computational techniques.

Quantitative research is a type of research methodology that involves the collection and analysis of numerical data. It is typically used in psychology to measure variables and relationships between them, and to test hypotheses. This type of research is often used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviours, and other defined variables, and generalise results from a larger sample population.

Quantitative research designs are either descriptive or experimental. Descriptive designs include surveys and questionnaires, which are used to gather data about the prevalence of a phenomenon, issue, or problem. Experimental designs, on the other hand, involve manipulating one variable to determine if it causes a change in another variable. This is often done in a controlled environment, such as a laboratory, to ensure that no other factors are influencing the results.

The data collected in quantitative research is usually in numerical form and is analysed using statistical methods. This allows for a more objective and precise measurement of data. The results of quantitative research can be presented in graphs, tables, or figures, and can be used to identify patterns and trends, make predictions, or establish facts.

Quantitative research in psychology is often used to test theories and hypotheses developed from psychological theories. It is a rigorous and systematic approach to understanding human behaviour and mental processes. However, it is important to note that while quantitative research provides valuable data, it may not fully capture the complexity of human behaviour and experiences. Therefore, it is often complemented by qualitative research methods, which provide more in-depth and detailed insights into human behaviour and experiences.

In conclusion, quantitative research in psychology is characterised by its focus on numerical data and statistical analysis. It is a valuable tool for testing hypotheses and theories, and for providing objective and precise measurements of psychological phenomena.