Who were the last Muslim rulers of Granada?

The last Muslim rulers of Granada were from the Nasrid dynasty, specifically King Boabdil (Muhammad XII).

The Nasrid dynasty, the last Muslim dynasty in Spain, ruled the Emirate of Granada from 1230 until 1492. The dynasty was founded by Muhammad I ibn Nasr, who established himself in Granada in 1232 after he successfully resisted the attempts of the Spanish Reconquista. The Nasrids were able to maintain their rule in Granada for over two centuries, largely due to their strategic alliances and tributary relationships with the Christian kingdoms.

The last ruler of the Nasrid dynasty, and thus the last Muslim ruler of Granada, was Muhammad XII, more commonly known as Boabdil. His reign was marked by internal conflict and external pressure from the Catholic Monarchs, Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile. Boabdil was initially dethroned by his own father, Abu l-Hasan Ali, and later by his uncle, Muhammad XIII, also known as El Zagal. However, he regained the throne in 1487.

The end of Muslim rule in Granada came with the surrender of Boabdil to the Catholic Monarchs in 1492, marking the completion of the Reconquista. The Treaty of Granada, signed in November 1491, guaranteed certain rights to the Muslims, including religious freedom. However, these terms were not respected by the Catholic Monarchs, leading to the forced conversions and expulsions of the Moriscos (Muslims who had converted to Christianity) in the 16th century.

The fall of Granada in 1492 marked the end of Muslim rule in Spain, a period that had lasted for almost 800 years since the Umayyad conquest in the early 8th century. The Nasrid dynasty, and particularly its last ruler Boabdil, hold a significant place in history as the last Muslim rulers of Granada.