What internal factors spurred the growth of independence movements?

Internal factors that spurred the growth of independence movements include political dissatisfaction, economic exploitation, and cultural nationalism.

Political dissatisfaction often plays a significant role in the growth of independence movements. In many cases, the ruling power is seen as oppressive, corrupt, or simply ineffective. This dissatisfaction can stem from a lack of representation in government, the imposition of unfair laws, or the abuse of power by the ruling class. For instance, the American Revolution was largely driven by the colonists' dissatisfaction with British rule, particularly the lack of representation in the British Parliament. Similarly, the Indian independence movement was fuelled by dissatisfaction with British rule, including the Rowlatt Act and the Amritsar Massacre.

Economic exploitation is another key internal factor. Often, the ruling power exploits the resources of the region without providing adequate benefits to the local population. This can lead to economic hardship and resentment, which can fuel the desire for independence. For example, the Belgian Congo's independence movement was largely driven by the brutal exploitation of the country's resources by Belgium. The local population was subjected to forced labour and harsh punishments, while the profits from the country's rich resources were funnelled back to Belgium.

Cultural nationalism, or the desire to preserve and promote a distinct cultural identity, can also spur independence movements. This is particularly true in regions where the ruling power attempts to suppress or marginalise the local culture. The desire to protect and promote one's cultural heritage can be a powerful motivator for seeking independence. For instance, the independence movements in various African countries during the 20th century were often driven by a desire to preserve and promote African cultures, which had been marginalised under colonial rule.

In conclusion, internal factors such as political dissatisfaction, economic exploitation, and cultural nationalism can play a significant role in spurring the growth of independence movements. These factors can create a sense of resentment and desire for change, which can ultimately lead to a push for independence.