What innovations did the Fatimids introduce in their administrative practices?

The Fatimids introduced innovations such as decentralised administration, fiscal reforms, and the establishment of the vizierate system.

The Fatimid Caliphate, which ruled from 909 to 1171, was known for its innovative administrative practices. One of the key changes they introduced was a decentralised administration. This was a significant departure from the centralised systems of governance that were common in the Islamic world at the time. The Fatimids divided their empire into provinces, each governed by a local ruler who was responsible for maintaining law and order and collecting taxes. This system allowed for greater local autonomy and flexibility, and it was instrumental in helping the Fatimids maintain control over their vast and diverse territories.

Another major innovation was the introduction of fiscal reforms. The Fatimids implemented a more efficient and equitable system of taxation, which helped to increase state revenues and reduce corruption. They also established a central treasury to manage the empire's finances, and they introduced new forms of currency to facilitate trade and commerce. These fiscal reforms played a crucial role in strengthening the Fatimid economy and consolidating their power.

The Fatimids also established the vizierate system, which was a unique form of government that combined elements of monarchy and bureaucracy. The vizier was the second highest official in the Fatimid administration, and he was responsible for overseeing the day-to-day affairs of the state. The vizierate system allowed the Fatimid caliphs to delegate administrative duties to competent officials, while they focused on religious and ceremonial duties. This system of governance was highly effective, and it was later adopted by other Islamic dynasties.

In addition to these administrative innovations, the Fatimids also made significant contributions to culture and learning. They established the Al-Azhar University in Cairo, which became a leading centre of Islamic scholarship. They also promoted the arts and sciences, and they were known for their tolerance towards different religious and ethnic groups. These cultural and intellectual achievements further enhanced the prestige and influence of the Fatimid Caliphate.