How did World War II hasten Indian independence?

World War II hastened Indian independence by weakening Britain's economic and political hold, and intensifying Indian nationalist movements.

The Second World War had a profound impact on the British Empire, particularly in India. The war had drained Britain's resources, leaving it economically weakened and less able to maintain its vast empire. The cost of war had led to a significant increase in Britain's national debt, which in turn led to a decrease in its ability to govern overseas territories. The war also exposed the vulnerability of the British Empire, as it was unable to protect its colonies from Japanese invasion. This undermined the British claim of invincibility and superiority, which was a key element of their colonial rule.

In addition to the economic and political impact, the war also intensified Indian nationalist movements. The Quit India Movement, launched by the Indian National Congress in 1942, called for an end to British rule in India. The movement gained momentum during the war years, as the Indian population became increasingly disillusioned with British rule. The British response to the movement, which included mass arrests and violent suppression, further alienated the Indian population and increased support for independence.

The war also led to a shift in international attitudes towards colonialism. The Atlantic Charter, signed by Britain and the United States in 1941, affirmed the right of all people to choose their own form of government. This was seen as a direct contradiction to the practice of colonialism, and increased international pressure on Britain to grant independence to its colonies.

Furthermore, the war had a significant impact on the Indian military. The British had recruited large numbers of Indians to fight in the war, and these soldiers returned home with a heightened sense of national pride and a desire for independence. The Indian National Army, formed by Indian nationalists with the support of Japan, further challenged British rule and inspired widespread support for independence.

In conclusion, World War II hastened Indian independence by weakening Britain's economic and political hold over India, intensifying Indian nationalist movements, and shifting international attitudes towards colonialism.