How did the first phase of the Hundred Years War affect English politics?

The first phase of the Hundred Years War significantly destabilised English politics, leading to internal conflict and power struggles.

The Hundred Years War, which began in 1337 and lasted until 1453, was a series of conflicts between England and France. The first phase, known as the Edwardian Era War, lasted from 1337 to 1360 and had profound effects on English politics. The war was primarily a struggle for control over the French throne, with Edward III of England claiming the French crown as his own. This claim was a significant cause of political tension within England.

The war led to a significant increase in the power of the English monarchy. Edward III was able to use the war as a means to consolidate his power, using the conflict to rally support and suppress opposition. The war also led to a significant increase in the power of the nobility, as they were granted lands and titles in return for their support in the war. This led to a shift in the balance of power within England, with the monarchy and nobility gaining at the expense of the lower classes.

The war also had significant economic impacts, which in turn affected English politics. The cost of the war was enormous, leading to increased taxation and economic hardship for the English people. This led to widespread discontent and unrest, culminating in the Peasants' Revolt of 1381. The revolt was a significant political event, highlighting the growing dissatisfaction with the monarchy and the political establishment.

Furthermore, the war led to a significant shift in England's foreign policy. Prior to the war, England had been primarily focused on its relations with Scotland and Ireland. However, the war led to a shift in focus towards France, with England becoming increasingly involved in continental politics. This shift had significant implications for English politics, as it led to a reorientation of England's political alliances and priorities.

In conclusion, the first phase of the Hundred Years War had a profound impact on English politics. It led to a significant increase in the power of the monarchy and nobility, widespread economic hardship and discontent, and a shift in England's foreign policy focus.