How does one approach multilingual software design?

One approaches multilingual software design by incorporating internationalisation and localisation processes in the development cycle.

Internationalisation, often abbreviated as i18n, is the process of designing a software application so that it can be adapted to various languages and regions without engineering changes. This is a crucial step in multilingual software design as it lays the groundwork for the software to be used globally. It involves separating the user interface text from the source code, using Unicode to support all possible characters, and designing the software to support right-to-left languages if necessary. It also includes considering cultural differences, such as date and time formats, currency, and sorting rules.

Following internationalisation, localisation (l10n) is the process of adapting the software for a specific region or language by adding locale-specific components and translating text. This involves translating the user interface, help files, and other documentation into the target language. It also includes adapting graphics and design elements to suit the cultural expectations of the target audience.

In the design phase, it's important to consider the space requirements of different languages. Some languages, like German, often require more space than English for the same phrase. Therefore, the user interface should be designed with flexibility in mind.

Another key aspect is the choice of fonts. The chosen font should support the characters of the target languages. If the software is to be used in languages with complex scripts or right-to-left scripts, the software must be designed to handle these correctly.

In the testing phase, pseudo-localisation can be used to simulate the effects of localisation before the actual translation takes place. This helps to identify potential issues early in the development cycle.

In conclusion, multilingual software design is a complex process that involves careful planning and consideration of various factors. By incorporating internationalisation and localisation processes in the development cycle, software can be designed to be used globally, in multiple languages and cultures.