How do SQL languages interact with databases?

SQL languages interact with databases by sending commands to create, read, update, and delete data stored within them.

SQL, or Structured Query Language, is a standardised language specifically designed for managing data held in a relational database management system (RDBMS). It is used to perform various tasks on a database such as creating a database, creating tables, inserting records, updating records, deleting records, and retrieving data from a database.

When a user wants to interact with a database, they write a SQL query, which is a set of instructions for the database to follow. This query is then sent to the database management system (DBMS), which interprets the SQL query and performs the requested operation on the database. The DBMS then returns the results of the operation to the user.

For example, if a user wants to retrieve data from a database, they would write a SQL query using the SELECT statement. The SELECT statement is used to select data from a database. The data returned is stored in a result table, called the result-set. The DBMS interprets the SELECT statement and retrieves the requested data from the database, returning it to the user in the form of a result-set.

Similarly, if a user wants to insert data into a database, they would use the INSERT INTO statement. The DBMS interprets the INSERT INTO statement and adds the specified data to the database.

SQL languages also allow for more complex interactions with a database. For example, users can use SQL to create and modify the structure of a database, create and manage users and permissions, and even write functions and procedures that automate common tasks.

In summary, SQL languages provide a powerful and flexible way for users to interact with databases. By writing SQL queries, users can instruct the DBMS to perform a wide range of operations on a database, from simple data retrieval to complex data manipulation and administration tasks.