How do businesses manage quality in different production methods?

Businesses manage quality in different production methods through quality control, quality assurance, and total quality management.

Quality control (QC) is a reactive process and is product-oriented. It involves checking and testing the products after they have been produced. This is common in mass production and batch production methods where products are made in large quantities. The aim is to identify and correct any defects before the products reach the customers. Businesses may use statistical sampling techniques where a sample of products is tested from each batch. If the sample passes the quality checks, the whole batch is accepted. However, this method has its limitations as not all products are tested and some defective products may still reach the customers.

Quality assurance (QA) is a proactive process and is process-oriented. It focuses on preventing defects by checking and monitoring the production process. This is common in flow production and job production methods where the production process is continuous or customised. The aim is to ensure that the production process is carried out correctly so that the end product meets the desired quality standards. Businesses may use quality circles, which are groups of employees who meet regularly to discuss and solve quality problems in the production process. This method encourages employee involvement and continuous improvement in the production process.

Total Quality Management (TQM) is a holistic approach to quality management. It involves everyone in the organisation, from top management to frontline employees, in maintaining and improving the quality of products and processes. This is applicable to all types of production methods. The aim is to create a culture of quality within the organisation where everyone is committed to delivering high-quality products and services to the customers. Businesses may use various tools and techniques such as benchmarking, just-in-time production, and continuous improvement to implement TQM.

In conclusion, the choice of quality management method depends on the type of production method used by the business. Regardless of the method chosen, the ultimate goal is to deliver high-quality products that meet or exceed customer expectations.