What is the charge of a proton?

A proton has a positive charge of +1 elementary charge, which is approximately +1.6 x 10^-19 coulombs.

In more detail, protons are subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They are one of the three main types of particles that make up atoms, the other two being neutrons and electrons. The charge of a proton is fundamental to the structure of atoms and the behaviour of matter. The positive charge of a proton is exactly equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the negative charge of an electron. This balance of charges is crucial for the stability of atoms.

The unit of charge used to measure the proton's charge is the elementary charge, denoted as 'e'. The value of the elementary charge is approximately 1.6 x 10^-19 coulombs. This means that a single proton carries a charge of +1e, or +1.6 x 10^-19 coulombs. In contrast, an electron carries a charge of -1e, or -1.6 x 10^-19 coulombs.

Understanding the charge of protons is essential for grasping how atoms interact with each other. For instance, the number of protons in an atom's nucleus determines the element's identity and its position in the periodic table. This number is known as the atomic number. The positive charge of protons also attracts the negatively charged electrons, keeping them in orbit around the nucleus and thus forming a stable atom.

In summary, the positive charge of protons plays a key role in the structure and behaviour of atoms, influencing everything from chemical reactions to the formation of molecules.