What is the required practical for electrolysis of aqueous solutions?

The required practical for electrolysis of aqueous solutions involves setting up and using an electrolytic cell to observe the products.

In more detail, the practical requires you to set up an electrolytic cell using two inert electrodes, typically made of graphite. These electrodes are connected to a power supply and then immersed in an aqueous solution of an ionic compound. The power supply provides the energy needed to drive the electrolysis reaction.

When the power supply is switched on, the ions in the solution will move towards the electrodes. Positive ions (cations) will move towards the negative electrode (cathode), while negative ions (anions) will move towards the positive electrode (anode). At the electrodes, these ions will either gain or lose electrons, undergoing reduction or oxidation respectively, to form new substances.

The practical requires you to observe and record the products of the electrolysis. This can be done by observing any changes at the electrodes or in the solution, such as the formation of bubbles, changes in colour, or the deposition of a solid on an electrode. You may also be required to test the products to confirm their identity, for example by testing any gas produced with a lit splint.

Safety is an important consideration in this practical. You should always wear safety goggles to protect your eyes, and handle the power supply and electrodes carefully to avoid electric shocks. The solutions used in electrolysis can also be hazardous, so you should avoid skin contact and inhalation.

In summary, the required practical for electrolysis of aqueous solutions involves setting up an electrolytic cell, running an electrolysis reaction, and observing and identifying the products. It's a great way to see the principles of electrolysis in action and understand how ions in solution can be transformed into new substances.