How do particulate matter impact human health?

Particulate matter can cause respiratory issues, heart disease, and other serious health problems when inhaled.

Particulate matter (PM) is a term used to describe a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air. These particles can be made up of a variety of components, including acids, organic chemicals, metals, and dust particles. The size of these particles is directly linked to their potential for causing health problems. Small particles less than 10 micrometres in diameter pose the greatest problems because they can get deep into your lungs, and some may even get into your bloodstream.

Exposure to such particles can affect both your lungs and your heart. Numerous scientific studies have linked particle pollution exposure to a variety of problems, including coughing, wheezing, reduced lung function, asthma attacks, heart attacks, and premature death in people with heart or lung disease.

Long-term exposure to particulate matter can lead to significant health problems. It can cause or worsen respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, and other chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases. It can also affect the body's immune system, making it harder to fight off infections.

In addition to respiratory issues, long-term exposure to particulate matter can also lead to heart disease. The particles can enter the bloodstream and cause inflammation, which can lead to the development of plaques in the arteries. This can increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes.

Furthermore, some studies have suggested that exposure to particulate matter may also be linked to other conditions, such as diabetes and neurological disorders, although more research is needed in these areas.

In conclusion, particulate matter in the air we breathe can have a significant impact on human health, particularly in relation to respiratory and heart diseases. It's therefore crucial to monitor and manage air quality to minimise exposure to these harmful particles.