What is the structure of the eye?

The eye is a complex organ composed of various parts including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina, and optic nerve.

The human eye is a marvel of biological engineering, designed to capture light and convert it into electrical signals that the brain can interpret as images. The front part of the eye is covered by the cornea, a clear layer that helps to focus incoming light. Behind the cornea is the iris, the coloured part of the eye, which controls the size of the pupil, the small opening that lets light into the eye.

The light then passes through the lens, a flexible structure that changes shape to focus light onto the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. The retina is packed with photoreceptor cells called rods and cones, which detect light intensity and colour respectively. These cells convert light into electrical signals that are sent to the brain via the optic nerve.

The eye also contains other important structures. The sclera, the white part of the eye, provides protection and structure. The aqueous and vitreous humours, the clear fluids filling the eye, help to maintain its shape and transmit light. The choroid, a layer between the retina and sclera, supplies the retina with nutrients and oxygen.

The eye's structure is perfectly adapted for its function, with each part playing a crucial role in the process of vision. It's a fascinating example of how complex and efficient our bodies can be.