What are the different methods of hormonal contraception?

Hormonal contraception methods include the contraceptive pill, contraceptive patch, contraceptive injection, and the contraceptive implant.

Hormonal contraception is a method of preventing pregnancy by altering the body's natural hormonal balance. The most common form of hormonal contraception is the contraceptive pill, which contains synthetic versions of the hormones oestrogen and progesterone. These hormones prevent ovulation, the process where an egg is released from the ovaries. If no egg is released, there is nothing for sperm to fertilise, preventing pregnancy.

The contraceptive patch works in a similar way to the pill, but instead of being taken orally, it is a small patch that is stuck onto the skin. The hormones are absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream. The patch needs to be replaced weekly, making it a convenient option for those who struggle to remember to take a pill every day.

The contraceptive injection, also known as Depo-Provera, is another method of hormonal contraception. It involves a shot of progesterone given by a healthcare professional every 12 weeks. The injection works by preventing ovulation and thickening the mucus in the cervix, making it harder for sperm to reach an egg.

The contraceptive implant, also known as Nexplanon, is a small flexible rod that is inserted under the skin of the upper arm by a healthcare professional. It releases a steady dose of progesterone into the bloodstream over a period of three years. Like other hormonal contraceptives, it prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus to prevent sperm from reaching an egg.

Each of these methods has its own set of advantages and potential side effects, and the best choice will depend on individual health factors and lifestyle considerations. It's important to discuss these options with a healthcare provider to make an informed decision.