How does cytokinesis differ from mitosis?

Cytokinesis is the process of cell division, while mitosis is the division of the cell's nucleus and its contents.

Cytokinesis and mitosis are two distinct stages of cell division. Mitosis is the process where the cell's nucleus, including its chromosomes, divides. This process ensures that each new cell receives an exact copy of the genetic material. Mitosis is further divided into several stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. During these stages, the chromosomes condense, align in the middle of the cell, separate, and finally, new nuclear membranes form around the separated chromosomes.

On the other hand, cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division, following mitosis. It involves the division of the cell's cytoplasm, organelles, and cell membrane, resulting in two separate cells. In animal cells, cytokinesis occurs through a process called cleavage, where the cell membrane pinches inwards until the cell is divided into two. In plant cells, a cell plate forms along the middle of the cell and gradually develops into a separating cell wall.

While both processes are crucial for cell division, they have different roles. Mitosis ensures the accurate replication and separation of the cell's genetic material, while cytokinesis physically divides the cell into two. Both processes work together to ensure that each new cell is a complete, functioning unit with its own set of genetic material and organelles.

In summary, while mitosis and cytokinesis are both essential parts of cell division, they are distinct processes with different roles. Mitosis involves the division of the cell's nucleus and its contents, while cytokinesis is the process that divides the cell into two separate cells.