How do you investigate brain function?

Brain function is investigated through various methods such as neuroimaging techniques, neuropsychological tests, and experimental psychology.

Neuroimaging techniques are a key tool in investigating brain function. These include methods such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and Electroencephalography (EEG). MRI and fMRI scans provide detailed images of the brain's structure and activity, respectively. PET scans, on the other hand, use a radioactive substance to highlight areas of the brain that are active during certain tasks. EEGs measure electrical activity in the brain, which can help identify patterns related to specific brain functions.

Neuropsychological tests are another method used to investigate brain function. These tests assess cognitive functions such as memory, attention, problem-solving, and language skills. By comparing the performance of individuals with brain damage to those without, researchers can gain insights into how different areas of the brain contribute to these cognitive functions. For example, if a person with damage to a specific area of the brain struggles with language tasks, this suggests that this area of the brain plays a role in language processing.

Experimental psychology also plays a crucial role in investigating brain function. This involves conducting experiments to understand how the brain processes information and controls behaviour. For example, researchers might use reaction time tasks to study how quickly the brain can process different types of information, or they might use eye-tracking technology to study how the brain controls eye movements.

In summary, investigating brain function involves a combination of neuroimaging techniques, neuropsychological tests, and experimental psychology. Each of these methods provides a different perspective on brain function, and together they help to build a comprehensive understanding of how the brain works.