What is the difference between obsessions and compulsions in OCD?

Obsessions are persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that cause anxiety or distress. Compulsions are repetitive behaviours or mental acts that individuals feel compelled to perform to reduce the anxiety caused by their obsessions.

Obsessions can take many forms, such as fear of contamination, doubts about safety, or aggressive or sexual impulses. Individuals with OCD often try to suppress or neutralise these thoughts, but they cannot control them. Obsessions can interfere with daily activities, relationships, and self-esteem.

Compulsions are the behavioural or mental responses that individuals with OCD use to alleviate the anxiety caused by their obsessions. Compulsions can include repetitive actions such as washing, checking, counting, or arranging, or mental rituals such as praying, repeating words, or seeking reassurance. Compulsions can be time-consuming and interfere with daily functioning.

The relationship between obsessions and compulsions in OCD is complex. Compulsions can provide temporary relief from the anxiety caused by obsessions, but they also reinforce the belief that the obsessions are real and dangerous. This can lead to a vicious cycle of obsessions and compulsions that can be difficult to break.

Overall, OCD is a debilitating disorder that can significantly impair an individual's quality of life. Treatment for OCD typically involves cognitive-behavioural therapy and medication, but the most effective treatment approach may vary depending on the individual's symptoms and needs.