What is insecure attachment and how does it affect children?

Insecure attachment is when a child does not have a secure emotional bond with their caregiver.

This can occur when the caregiver is inconsistent in responding to the child's needs or is emotionally unavailable. There are three types of insecure attachment: avoidant, ambivalent, and disorganized.

Avoidant attachment is when the child avoids the caregiver and shows little emotion when the caregiver leaves or returns. Ambivalent attachment is when the child is clingy and overly dependent on the caregiver, but also angry and resistant when the caregiver leaves or returns. Disorganized attachment is when the child shows a mix of avoidant and ambivalent behaviours, often due to the caregiver's unpredictable behaviour.

Insecure attachment can have long-term effects on a child's emotional and social development. Children with insecure attachment may struggle with forming healthy relationships, have difficulty regulating their emotions, and may experience anxiety and depression. They may also have lower self-esteem and struggle with academic achievement.

However, it is important to note that not all children with insecure attachment will experience negative outcomes. Some may develop coping mechanisms and go on to have successful relationships and lives. Early intervention and support can also help children with insecure attachment to develop more secure relationships in the future.