Explain the nature vs. nurture debate in psychology.

The nature vs. nurture debate in psychology concerns the extent to which our behaviour is determined by genetic or environmental factors.

Nature refers to the genetic and biological factors that influence our behaviour, such as our genes, hormones and brain structure. Nurture, on the other hand, refers to the environmental factors that shape our behaviour, such as our upbringing, education and social interactions.

The debate has been ongoing for centuries, with some arguing that nature is the primary determinant of behaviour, while others argue that nurture plays a more significant role. Modern psychology recognises that both nature and nurture are important and interact with each other to shape behaviour.

Studies on twins have been particularly useful in exploring the nature vs. nurture debate. Identical twins share the same genetic makeup, while fraternal twins share only 50% of their genes. Studies have shown that identical twins are more similar in behaviour than fraternal twins, suggesting that genetics play a role in behaviour.

However, studies have also shown that environmental factors can have a significant impact on behaviour. For example, studies have found that children who are raised in poverty are more likely to experience mental health problems later in life.

Overall, the nature vs. nurture debate is complex and ongoing. While genetics play a role in behaviour, environmental factors also have a significant impact. It is important to consider both factors when studying behaviour and developing interventions.