Describe the different stages of memory according to Atkinson and Shiffrin.

Atkinson and Shiffrin proposed a three-stage model of memory: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

Sensory memory is the first stage of the model. It is the brief storage of sensory information that is received through our senses, such as sight, sound, taste, touch, and smell. Sensory memory has a large capacity, but the information is only stored for a very short period of time, usually less than one second. This allows us to perceive a continuous stream of information from the environment.

Short-term memory is the second stage of the model. It is the temporary storage of information that we are currently using or thinking about. Short-term memory has a limited capacity, and information can only be stored for a few seconds unless it is rehearsed. Rehearsal involves repeating the information over and over again to keep it in short-term memory for longer.

Long-term memory is the third stage of the model. It is the relatively permanent storage of information that can be retrieved and used at a later time. Long-term memory has an unlimited capacity and can store information for a lifetime. Information is transferred from short-term memory to long-term memory through a process called encoding. Encoding involves transforming information into a form that can be stored in long-term memory.

Overall, Atkinson and Shiffrin's model of memory provides a useful framework for understanding how information is processed and stored in the brain. It highlights the importance of sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory in the memory process.