How is energy conserved in a closed system?

Energy is conserved in a closed system because it cannot be created or destroyed.

In a closed system, energy can be transferred between different forms, but the total amount of energy remains constant. This is known as the law of conservation of energy. The law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.

For example, if a ball is dropped from a height, its potential energy is converted into kinetic energy as it falls. When it hits the ground, the kinetic energy is transferred to the ground in the form of sound and heat energy. However, the total amount of energy in the system (the ball and the Earth) remains constant.

Another example of energy conservation in a closed system is a pendulum swinging back and forth. As the pendulum swings, its potential energy is converted into kinetic energy and back again. Frictional forces may cause some of the energy to be lost as heat, but the total amount of energy in the system remains constant.

In summary, energy is conserved in a closed system because it cannot be created or destroyed. Energy can only be transferred between different forms, but the total amount of energy in the system remains constant.