How does a relay work in an electronic circuit?

A relay is an electronic switch that uses an electromagnet to control the flow of current.

Relays are used in electronic circuits to switch high voltage or high current loads with a low voltage or low current signal. The relay consists of a coil of wire that creates a magnetic field when an electric current flows through it. This magnetic field attracts a metal armature that is connected to a set of contacts. When the armature is attracted, it closes the contacts, allowing current to flow through the relay.

Relays can be normally open (NO) or normally closed (NC). In a NO relay, the contacts are open when the relay is not energised, and they close when the relay is energised. In an NC relay, the contacts are closed when the relay is not energised, and they open when the relay is energised.

Relays can be used to switch a variety of loads, including motors, lights, and solenoids. They are often used in control circuits, where a low voltage signal is used to control a high voltage load. Relays can also be used to provide isolation between different parts of a circuit, or to provide protection against overcurrent or overvoltage conditions.

Overall, relays are an important component in electronic circuits, providing a reliable and safe way to switch high voltage or high current loads with a low voltage or low current signal.