How do fiber optic cables work?

Fiber optic cables transmit data through the use of light signals.

Fiber optic cables are made up of thin strands of glass or plastic, called optical fibers. These fibers are coated in a cladding material that reflects light back into the core of the fiber, allowing the light to travel through the cable without escaping. The core and cladding are surrounded by a protective coating called a buffer, which helps to protect the fibers from damage.

When data is transmitted through a fiber optic cable, it is converted into light signals using a device called a transmitter. The light signals are then sent through the fiber optic cable, bouncing off the cladding and traveling down the core of the fiber. The light signals can travel for long distances without losing their strength, making fiber optic cables ideal for long-distance communication.

At the other end of the fiber optic cable, the light signals are received by a device called a receiver. The receiver converts the light signals back into data, which can then be processed by a computer or other device.

Fiber optic cables offer many advantages over traditional copper cables, including faster data transmission speeds, greater bandwidth, and immunity to electromagnetic interference. They are used in a wide range of applications, including telecommunications, internet infrastructure, and medical equipment.