What is the difference between a hub and a switch in a network?

A hub broadcasts data to all devices in a network, while a switch sends data only to the intended recipient.

A hub and a switch are both devices used in a network to connect computers and other devices together. However, they operate in fundamentally different ways. A hub is a simpler device that functions as a common connection point for devices in a network. It broadcasts all data to every device in the network, regardless of the intended recipient. This can lead to data collisions and a general decrease in network efficiency, especially as the number of devices in the network increases.

On the other hand, a switch is a more intelligent device. It maintains a table of the MAC (Media Access Control) addresses of all devices connected to it. When it receives data, it uses this table to determine the intended recipient and sends the data only to that device. This targeted approach avoids data collisions and generally results in a more efficient network.

In terms of their application, hubs are typically used in smaller, less data-intensive networks due to their simplicity and lower cost. Switches, however, are used in larger, more data-intensive networks where efficiency and speed are crucial. They are also more secure than hubs, as they do not broadcast data indiscriminately.

In summary, while both hubs and switches serve the purpose of connecting devices in a network, they do so in different ways. Hubs broadcast data to all devices, leading to potential inefficiencies and security issues. Switches, however, send data only to the intended recipient, resulting in a more efficient and secure network.