Provide an example of an addition and a condensation polymerisation.

An example of addition polymerisation is the formation of polyethylene, while an example of condensation polymerisation is the formation of nylon.

Addition polymerisation is a process where monomers with unsaturated double bonds react with each other to form a polymer. One example is the formation of polyethylene, which is used to make plastic bags and bottles. Ethylene gas is polymerised using a catalyst, resulting in a long chain of repeating units. This process is called free radical polymerisation, as it involves the formation of free radicals that initiate the reaction.

Condensation polymerisation is a process where monomers with two different functional groups react with each other to form a polymer and a small molecule as a byproduct, such as water or alcohol. One example is the formation of nylon, which is used to make clothing and carpets. Nylon is formed by the reaction between diamine and dicarboxylic acid, resulting in a long chain of repeating units connected by amide bonds. Water is produced as a byproduct of this reaction.

Both addition and condensation polymerisation are important processes in the production of polymers for various applications. Understanding these processes is crucial for the development of new materials and the improvement of existing ones.