Provide an example of an acyl chloride and a carboxylic acid.

An example of an acyl chloride and a carboxylic acid is ethanoyl chloride and ethanoic acid.

Acyl chlorides, also known as acid chlorides, are organic compounds that contain a functional group consisting of a carbonyl group (C=O) bonded to a chlorine atom (Cl). They are highly reactive and are commonly used in organic synthesis as intermediates for the preparation of other compounds. One example of an acyl chloride is ethanoyl chloride (CH3COCl), which is formed by reacting acetic acid with thionyl chloride.

Carboxylic acids are organic compounds that contain a carboxyl group (-COOH) attached to an alkyl chain or an aromatic ring. They are weak acids and are commonly found in nature as fatty acids, which are important components of lipids. One example of a carboxylic acid is ethanoic acid (CH3COOH), which is also known as acetic acid. It is commonly used in the food industry as a preservative and flavouring agent.

When ethanoyl chloride is reacted with ethanoic acid, the result is the formation of a compound called ethanoyl ethanoate (CH3COOCH2CH3), also known as ethyl acetate. This reaction is an example of an esterification reaction, which involves the condensation of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid in the presence of an acid catalyst. Ethyl acetate is a common solvent that is used in the production of paints, coatings, and adhesives.