Provide an example of a diazonium salt and a nitro compound.

An example of a diazonium salt is benzene diazonium chloride and a nitro compound is nitrobenzene.

Benzene diazonium chloride is a diazonium salt that is commonly used in organic chemistry reactions. It is a white crystalline solid that is highly reactive due to the presence of the diazonium group (-N2+). This group can be used to form a variety of compounds, including azo dyes, which are widely used in the textile industry.

Nitrobenzene is a nitro compound that is used as a precursor to aniline, which is an important chemical used in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and rubber chemicals. Nitrobenzene is a pale yellow liquid that has a sweet, pleasant odor. It is highly toxic and can cause serious health problems if ingested or inhaled.

The reaction between benzene diazonium chloride and nitrobenzene is an example of a diazo coupling reaction. In this reaction, the diazonium salt reacts with the nitro compound to form an azo compound. The reaction is typically carried out in the presence of a catalyst, such as copper powder or cuprous oxide.

Overall, diazonium salts and nitro compounds are important classes of organic compounds that are widely used in the chemical industry. They are highly reactive and can be used to form a variety of compounds, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, and rubber chemicals.