Describe the differences between primary, secondary and tertiary amines.

Primary amines have one alkyl or aryl group attached to the nitrogen atom, while secondary amines have two. Tertiary amines have three.

Primary amines have one alkyl or aryl group attached to the nitrogen atom. They are basic and can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Primary amines can be synthesized by reducing nitriles or by adding ammonia to alkyl halides. They are used in the production of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and pesticides.

Secondary amines have two alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom. They are also basic and can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Secondary amines can be synthesized by reacting primary amines with alkyl halides or by reducing nitro compounds. They are used in the production of rubber, dyes, and pharmaceuticals.

Tertiary amines have three alkyl or aryl groups attached to the nitrogen atom. They are less basic than primary and secondary amines and cannot form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Tertiary amines can be synthesized by reacting secondary amines with alkyl halides or by dealkylation of quaternary ammonium salts. They are used as catalysts, solvents, and in the production of surfactants.