What is the difference between the G1, S, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle?

The G1, S, G2, and M phases are different stages of the cell cycle.

The cell cycle is a series of events that occur in a cell leading to its division and duplication. The G1 phase is the first gap phase, where the cell grows and prepares for DNA replication. During this phase, the cell checks for any damage to DNA and repairs it. Once the cell is ready, it moves to the S phase.

The S phase is the synthesis phase, where the cell replicates its DNA. The DNA is duplicated, and each chromosome now has two identical sister chromatids. After the S phase, the cell enters the G2 phase.

The G2 phase is the second gap phase, where the cell continues to grow and prepares for cell division. During this phase, the cell checks for any errors in DNA replication and repairs them. Once the cell is ready, it enters the M phase.

The M phase is the mitotic phase, where the cell divides into two daughter cells. The M phase consists of two stages: mitosis and cytokinesis. During mitosis, the duplicated chromosomes are separated and pulled to opposite ends of the cell. During cytokinesis, the cell membrane pinches in, dividing the cell into two daughter cells.

In summary, the G1, S, G2, and M phases are different stages of the cell cycle, each with its own specific events and functions. Understanding these phases is crucial in understanding cell division and the regulation of cell growth.