What is the difference between apoptosis and necrosis?

Apoptosis is programmed cell death, while necrosis is uncontrolled cell death.

Apoptosis and necrosis are two different types of cell death that occur in living organisms. Apoptosis, also known as programmed cell death, is a controlled process that occurs in response to specific signals. This process is essential for the development and maintenance of tissues and organs in the body. During apoptosis, the cell undergoes a series of changes that ultimately lead to its death. These changes include the fragmentation of DNA, the condensation of the nucleus, and the formation of apoptotic bodies. Apoptotic cells are then phagocytosed by neighbouring cells or macrophages, preventing any damage to surrounding tissues.

In contrast, necrosis is an uncontrolled process that occurs as a result of injury, infection, or disease. Necrosis is characterized by the swelling and rupture of the cell, leading to the release of cellular contents into the surrounding tissue. This can trigger an inflammatory response, leading to further tissue damage. Unlike apoptosis, necrosis is not a programmed process and can be harmful to surrounding tissues.

In summary, apoptosis and necrosis are two different types of cell death that occur in living organisms. Apoptosis is a controlled process that is essential for the development and maintenance of tissues and organs, while necrosis is an uncontrolled process that can be harmful to surrounding tissues.