How does the electromagnetic spectrum relate to photosynthetic pigments?

The electromagnetic spectrum is essential for the function of photosynthetic pigments.

Photosynthetic pigments are molecules that absorb light energy and convert it into chemical energy during photosynthesis. The absorption of light by pigments occurs within a specific range of the electromagnetic spectrum, known as the visible spectrum. This range includes wavelengths of light that are perceived by the human eye as different colours, ranging from violet (400 nm) to red (700 nm).

Different pigments have different absorption spectra, meaning they absorb light at different wavelengths. Chlorophyll a, the primary pigment in photosynthesis, absorbs light most efficiently at wavelengths of 430 nm (blue) and 662 nm (red). Chlorophyll b, another important pigment, absorbs light most efficiently at wavelengths of 453 nm (blue) and 642 nm (red). Other pigments, such as carotenoids, absorb light at different wavelengths, including in the ultraviolet and infrared regions of the spectrum.

The absorption of light by photosynthetic pigments is crucial for the process of photosynthesis, as it provides the energy needed to drive the conversion of carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. Without the absorption of light by pigments, photosynthesis would not occur, and life on Earth as we know it would not be possible.