How do osmosis and diffusion function in the movement of water and solutes across cell membranes?

Osmosis and diffusion function in the movement of water and solutes across cell membranes by passive transport.

Passive transport is the movement of molecules across a cell membrane without the use of energy. Diffusion is the passive movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. This occurs until the concentration of molecules is equal on both sides of the membrane. Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane from an area of high water concentration to an area of low water concentration. This occurs until the concentration of water is equal on both sides of the membrane.

In the case of solutes, they can move across the membrane through diffusion or facilitated diffusion. Facilitated diffusion is the passive movement of molecules across the membrane with the help of transport proteins. These proteins act as channels or carriers, allowing the solutes to move across the membrane.

The movement of water and solutes across the cell membrane is essential for the survival of cells. The process of osmosis and diffusion helps to maintain the balance of water and solutes inside and outside the cell. This balance is crucial for the proper functioning of the cell and the organism as a whole.